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スキーマ」(2006/11/21 (火) 21:39:37) の最新版変更点

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<p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 28.45pt; mso-para-margin-left: 2.71gd"><font size= "3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">では</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">HTML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の固定されたタグと異なり、ユーザーが自由にタグを定義し、それぞれのタグに意味を持たせることができる。この部分が</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の優れた点の1つとして挙げられる「柔軟性」であり、注目されている点と考えられる。ただし、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">を実際の業務に使用するには、個々のユーザーが自由に定義したタグを使用するより、あらかじめ</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">文書のデータ構造</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">使用する</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">文書にはどのようなタグが必要なのか?どのような構造をもっているのか?属性の定義はどうするか?等、要素や属性の配列に関して、正しい並び方と間違った並べ方をコンピュータ言語として明確に記述したもの</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">が決められているほうが利用価値が高い。例えば</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">でデータ交換を行う場合、共通の</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">文書のデータ構造を使用することによりデータの意味が共有できる。また、共通の</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">文書のデータ構造に沿って作成された</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">文書であれば誰が見ても理解でき、構造、タグの用途も決められているのでソフトウェアでの処理も簡単で正確に処理ができる。この</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">文書のデータ構造を記述したものを</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">におけるスキーマ</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">(schema)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">という。また、スキーマを記述するための言語を、スキーマ言語と呼び、代表的なものとして以下のものがある。</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century" size= "3">1.DTD(DocumentTypeDefinition)</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 35.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: 2.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: .28; mso-para-margin-left: 3.42gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style= "mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face="Century">SGML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">や</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face= "Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">で文書を記述する際、その文書中でどのようなタグや属性が使われているかを定義したもの<span lang="EN-US"><br></span></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 0.1pt; TEXT-INDENT: 35.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.42"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> 特徴</span><span lang="EN-US" style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><br></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size= "3">・現在、最も一般的に使用されているスキーマ表現</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  ・</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">SGML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">から</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">に移行する際、システムに大きな変更を加える必要がない</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">DTD</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">は主に以下の4つの部分で構成される。</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">   ・要素型宣言:</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">インスタンスで使用できる要素を定義</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 123.7pt; mso-para-margin-left: 11.78gd"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size= "3">※要素の名前、要素の階層構造(親子関係、兄弟関係)、要素の出現ルールなどを規定</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size= "3">  ・属性リスト宣言:要素の不可情報としての属性を定義</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 122.2pt; mso-para-margin-left: 11.64gd"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size= "3">※どの要素にどのような属性がつくか、属性名はなにか、属性値としてどのようなものを指定できるか、属性の指定は必須か任意か、デフォルト値は何かといったことを規定</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 143.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -115.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: -11.0; mso-para-margin-left: 2.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">   ・エンティティ宣言:</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">インスタンス中や</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">DTD</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">で使用したいエンティティの定義</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 122.2pt; mso-para-margin-left: 11.64gd"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size= "3">※置き換えたい文字列や取り込みたい外部ファイルは何か、それを参照するときに使用するエンティティ名はなにか、といった情報を規定</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 117pt; TEXT-INDENT: -82.55pt; mso-char-indent-count: -7.86; mso-para-margin-left: 3.28gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">   ・記法宣言:外部のファイルとして参照するエンティティが</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">以外の記法を使用している場合、その記法を識別するための名前を指定。</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 116.85pt; TEXT-INDENT: -80.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: -7.71; mso-para-margin-left: 3.42gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">DTD</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の長所</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  ・</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">SGML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">からの移行が比較的容易。</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size= "3"> ・ツール、ノウハウなど環境が整っている</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">DTD</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の短所</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  ・</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">とは異なる記法を持つ</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size="3">・データ型が用意されていない</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size="3">・名前空間との相性が悪い</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century" size="3">2.XML Schema</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 35.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.1pt; mso-para-margin-left: 3.41gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style= "mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">文書の構造を定義するスキーマ言語の一つ。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face= "Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">関連技術の標準を策定している</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face= "Century">W3C</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">が標準化にあたっている<span lang="EN-US"><br></span></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 35.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.1pt; mso-para-margin-left: 3.41gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">XMLSchema</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の長所</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> ・</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">DTD</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の持つ問題点に対応</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> ・</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">W3C</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">が次世代の標準として推進</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 35.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.42"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">XMLSchema</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の短所</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size= "3">・仕様が複雑で解りにくい面がある</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 196.45pt; TEXT-INDENT: -168pt; mso-char-indent-count: -16.0; mso-para-margin-left: 2.71gd"> <font face="Century"><span lang="EN-US"><font size= "3">3.Relax(REgularLAnguagefor Xml)</font></span></font> <strong><span style= "FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"> <font size="3">リラックス</font></span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 35.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.1pt; mso-para-margin-left: 3.41gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style= "mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">文書の構造を定義するスキーマ言語の一つ。日本発の技術で、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face= "Century">INSTAC</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">日本規格協会<span lang="EN-US">)</span>の</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face= "Century">XMLSWG</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face= "Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">調査研究委員会<span lang="EN-US">)</span>が仕様の策定にあたっており、国際標準化機構<span lang="EN-US">(</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face= "Century">ISO</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">の標準となることを目指している<span lang="EN-US"><br></span></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">Relax</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の長所</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 196.45pt; TEXT-INDENT: -168pt; mso-char-indent-count: -16.0; mso-para-margin-left: 2.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  ・</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">DTD</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の持つ問題点に対応</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 196.45pt; TEXT-INDENT: -168pt; mso-char-indent-count: -16.0; mso-para-margin-left: 2.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  ・</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">XMLSchema</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">と比べてわかりやすい</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">Relax</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の短所</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 196.45pt; TEXT-INDENT: -168pt; mso-char-indent-count: -16.0; mso-para-margin-left: 2.71gd"> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size="3"> ・ツール、リソースなどの不足</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century; mso-ansi-language: DE"> ④</span><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE"><font face= "Century">Reference</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century; mso-ansi-language: DE">:</span><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE"><br></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-char-indent-count: -2.0"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  ・</span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">エンジニアのための<span lang="EN-US">XML</span>スキーマ講座</span><span lang="EN-US" style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><br></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: -1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.0gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">・<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">第<span lang="EN-US">1</span>回:</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><font face= "Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">におけるスキーマとは何か</span><span lang="EN-US" style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><br></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">   </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href= "http://www.utj.co.jp/xml/dev/schema/sch_4.html"><font face= "Century">http://www.utj.co.jp/xml/dev/schema/sch_4.html</font></a></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  ・@</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">IT</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> アットマーク・アイティ</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -53.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: -5.14"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">   </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href= "http://www.atmarkit.co.jp/fxml/"><font face= "Century">http://www.atmarkit.co.jp/fxml/</font></a></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -53.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: -5.14"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -53.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: -5.14"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> ⑤作成者:古林堅助-</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">20060927</font></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -53.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: -5.14"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -53.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: -5.14"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 28.45pt; mso-para-margin-left: 2.71gd"><font size= "3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">では</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">HTML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の固定されたタグと異なり、ユーザーが自由にタグを定義し、それぞれのタグに意味を持たせることができる。この部分が</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の優れた点の1つとして挙げられる「柔軟性」であり、注目されている点と考えられる。ただし、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">を実際の業務に使用するには、個々のユーザーが自由に定義したタグを使用するより、あらかじめ</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">文書のデータ構造</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">使用する</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">文書にはどのようなタグが必要なのか?どのような構造をもっているのか?属性の定義はどうするか?等、要素や属性の配列に関して、正しい並び方と間違った並べ方をコンピュータ言語として明確に記述したもの</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">が決められているほうが利用価値が高い。例えば</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">でデータ交換を行う場合、共通の</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">文書のデータ構造を使用することによりデータの意味が共有できる。また、共通の</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">文書のデータ構造に沿って作成された</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">文書であれば誰が見ても理解でき、構造、タグの用途も決められているのでソフトウェアでの処理も簡単で正確に処理ができる。この</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">文書のデータ構造を記述したものを</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">におけるスキーマ</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">(schema)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">という。また、スキーマを記述するための言語を、スキーマ言語と呼び、代表的なものとして以下のものがある。</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century" size= "3">1.DTD(DocumentTypeDefinition)</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 35.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: 2.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: .28; mso-para-margin-left: 3.42gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style= "mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face="Century">SGML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">や</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face= "Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">で文書を記述する際、その文書中でどのようなタグや属性が使われているかを定義したもの<span lang="EN-US"><br></span></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 0.1pt; TEXT-INDENT: 35.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.42"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> 特徴</span><span lang="EN-US" style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><br></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size= "3">・現在、最も一般的に使用されているスキーマ表現</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  ・</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">SGML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">から</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">に移行する際、システムに大きな変更を加える必要がない</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">DTD</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">は主に以下の4つの部分で構成される。</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">   ・要素型宣言:</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">インスタンスで使用できる要素を定義</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 123.7pt; mso-para-margin-left: 11.78gd"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size= "3">※要素の名前、要素の階層構造(親子関係、兄弟関係)、要素の出現ルールなどを規定</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size= "3">  ・属性リスト宣言:要素の不可情報としての属性を定義</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 122.2pt; mso-para-margin-left: 11.64gd"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size= "3">※どの要素にどのような属性がつくか、属性名はなにか、属性値としてどのようなものを指定できるか、属性の指定は必須か任意か、デフォルト値は何かといったことを規定</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 143.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -115.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: -11.0; mso-para-margin-left: 2.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">   ・エンティティ宣言:</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">インスタンス中や</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">DTD</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">で使用したいエンティティの定義</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 122.2pt; mso-para-margin-left: 11.64gd"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size= "3">※置き換えたい文字列や取り込みたい外部ファイルは何か、それを参照するときに使用するエンティティ名はなにか、といった情報を規定</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 117pt; TEXT-INDENT: -82.55pt; mso-char-indent-count: -7.86; mso-para-margin-left: 3.28gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">   ・記法宣言:外部のファイルとして参照するエンティティが</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">以外の記法を使用している場合、その記法を識別するための名前を指定。</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 116.85pt; TEXT-INDENT: -80.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: -7.71; mso-para-margin-left: 3.42gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">DTD</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の長所</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  ・</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">SGML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">からの移行が比較的容易。</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size= "3"> ・ツール、ノウハウなど環境が整っている</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">DTD</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の短所</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  ・</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">とは異なる記法を持つ</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size="3">・データ型が用意されていない</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size="3">・名前空間との相性が悪い</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century" size="3">2.XML Schema</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 35.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.1pt; mso-para-margin-left: 3.41gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style= "mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">文書の構造を定義するスキーマ言語の一つ。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face= "Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">関連技術の標準を策定している</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face= "Century">W3C</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">が標準化にあたっている<span lang="EN-US"><br></span></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 35.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.1pt; mso-para-margin-left: 3.41gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">XMLSchema</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の長所</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> ・</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">DTD</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の持つ問題点に対応</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> ・</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">W3C</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">が次世代の標準として推進</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 35.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.42"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">XMLSchema</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の短所</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size= "3">・仕様が複雑で解りにくい面がある</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 196.45pt; TEXT-INDENT: -168pt; mso-char-indent-count: -16.0; mso-para-margin-left: 2.71gd"> <font face="Century"><span lang="EN-US"><font size= "3">3.Relax(REgularLAnguagefor Xml)</font></span></font> <strong><span style= "FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"> <font size="3">リラックス</font></span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 35.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.1pt; mso-para-margin-left: 3.41gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style= "mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">文書の構造を定義するスキーマ言語の一つ。日本発の技術で、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face= "Century">INSTAC</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">日本規格協会<span lang="EN-US">)</span>の</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face= "Century">XMLSWG</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face= "Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">調査研究委員会<span lang="EN-US">)</span>が仕様の策定にあたっており、国際標準化機構<span lang="EN-US">(</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face= "Century">ISO</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">の標準となることを目指している<span lang="EN-US"><br></span></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">Relax</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の長所</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 196.45pt; TEXT-INDENT: -168pt; mso-char-indent-count: -16.0; mso-para-margin-left: 2.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  ・</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">DTD</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の持つ問題点に対応</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 196.45pt; TEXT-INDENT: -168pt; mso-char-indent-count: -16.0; mso-para-margin-left: 2.71gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  ・</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">XMLSchema</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">と比べてわかりやすい</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"> <font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">Relax</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の短所</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 196.45pt; TEXT-INDENT: -168pt; mso-char-indent-count: -16.0; mso-para-margin-left: 2.71gd"> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size="3"> ・ツール、リソースなどの不足</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century; mso-ansi-language: DE"> ④</span><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE"><font face= "Century">Reference</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century; mso-ansi-language: DE">:</span><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE"><br></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-char-indent-count: -2.0"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  ・</span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">エンジニアのための<span lang="EN-US">XML</span>スキーマ講座</span><span lang="EN-US" style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><br></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: -1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.0gd"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">・<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">第<span lang="EN-US">1</span>回:</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><font face= "Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">におけるスキーマとは何か</span><span lang="EN-US" style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><br></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">   </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href= "http://www.utj.co.jp/xml/dev/schema/sch_4.html"><font face= "Century">http://www.utj.co.jp/xml/dev/schema/sch_4.html</font></a></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">  ・@</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">IT</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> アットマーク・アイティ</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -53.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: -5.14"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">   </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href= "http://www.atmarkit.co.jp/fxml/"><font face= "Century">http://www.atmarkit.co.jp/fxml/</font></a></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -53.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: -5.14"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -53.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: -5.14"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: &quot;MS 明朝&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> ⑤作成者:古林堅助-</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">20060927</font></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -53.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: -5.14"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -53.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: -5.14"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> ①</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">Title</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">:</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">スキーマ言語について</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century"><font size="3"><br></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 63pt; TEXT-INDENT: -63pt; mso-char-indent-count: -6.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> ②用語記述:</span> <span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">SGML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">HTML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XHTML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">RELAXNG</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XMLSchema</font></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 63pt; TEXT-INDENT: -63pt; mso-char-indent-count: -6.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt"> <span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century"><font size= "3"><br></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> <font size="3">③解説:</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> スキーマ言語(</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">Schema)</font></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 108pt; TEXT-INDENT: -72pt; tab-stops: list 54.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2"> <span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings"><font size="3">/<span style= "FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">   </span> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> 定義:スキーマ言語(スキーマげんご)とは</span><span lang= "EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">や</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">SGML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">等で文書を作成する際、その文書構造を定義する言語を言う。</span></font><span lang="EN-US"><br></span><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">「スキーマ」とは本来データベースの構造定義であり、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">RDB</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">の場合はテーブルの各項目のデータ型、他のテーブルとの関連性などを定義したものを指す。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">文書等では、同様に</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">で作成された各要素の互いの関連性や個々の文書全体での位置付け等の定義を指す。</span></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 108pt; TEXT-INDENT: -72pt; tab-stops: list 54.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2"> <span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings"><font size="3">/<span style= "FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">   </span> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> 説明:本来、文書は構成要素の集合体であるが、一定の構造を持たなければ単なる要素の寄せ集めでしかなく、規則性や体裁といった構造を得て初めて意味のある有用な文書となる。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">や</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">SGML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">は文書の各要素を作成するメタ言語であり、文書構造自体を定義する事はできない為、このままでは扱いにくい。そこで構造を定義する言語が必要となり、開発されたのがスキーマ言語である。</span></font><span lang="EN-US"><br></span><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">例えば、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">SGML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">では</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">DTD</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">がスキーマ言語として使用されていた。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">が</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">SGML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">から派生した関係から</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">でも</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">DTD</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">が使用されていたが、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">DTD</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">は文法が</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XML</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">と全く異なっている事や、要素のデータ型を定義する事ができない事等から、新たに</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">XMLSchema</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">や</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">RELAX</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">(現</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century">RELAXNG</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">)が開発されている。</span></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century"><font size="3"><br></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> ④</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">Reference</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">:</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang= "EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"><font face= "Century">      </font></span></span> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> 1.</span><span lang="EN-US" style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'">IT用語辞典e-WORDs</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"> <span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://e-words.jp/"><font face="Century" size= "3">http://e-words.jp/</font></a></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang= "EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"><font face= "Century">      </font></span></span> <span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> 2.フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(</span><span lang= "EN-US"><font face="Century">Wikipedia</font></span><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">)』</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century"><font size="3"><span style= "mso-tab-count: 1">      </span> <span style= "mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></font></font> <a href= "http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%A3%C2%83%C2%A1%C3%A3%C2%82%C2%A4%C3%A3%C2%83%C2%B3%C3%A3%C2%83%C2%9A%C3%A3%C2%83%C2%BC%C3%A3%C2%82%C2%B8"> <font size="3"><font face= "Century">http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/</font><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century">メインページ</span></font></a></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"> <span lang="EN-US"><font face="Century"><font size= "3"><br></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century"><font size="3"><br></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style= "MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt 53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -53.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: -5.14; mso-char-indent-size: 10.45pt"> <font size="3"><span style= "FONT-FAMILY: 'MS 明朝'; mso-ascii-font-family: Century; mso-hansi-font-family: Century"> ⑤作成者:山田浩司-</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face= "Century">20060925</font></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0mm 0mm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size= "3"><font face="Century"><br></font></font></span></p>

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